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William Temple Franklin, known as Temple Franklin, (22 February 1762 in London – 25 May 1823 in Paris) was a British-born American diplomat and real estate speculator. He is best known for his involvement with the American diplomatic mission in France during the American Revolutionary War. Beginning at the age of 16, he served as secretary to his grandfather Benjamin Franklin, who negotiated and agreed to the Franco-American Alliance. The younger Franklin was also secretary for the American delegation that negotiated United States independence at the Treaty of Paris in 1783. He returned to Philadelphia with his grandfather afterward. Finding his prospects limited in the United States, he later returned to Europe, where he lived mostly in France. ==Early life and education== William Temple Franklin, called Temple, was born in 1760,〔 the illegitimate (and only) son of William Franklin, notably illegitimate as well, who sired him while a law student in London. His mother is unknown, and the infant was placed in foster care. His father William was the illegitimate but acknowledged son of Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, and raised in his household. William Temple Franklin's middle name is said to have been derived from his having been conceived while his father was studying at the Middle Temple.〔Stockdale, Eric and Randy J. Holland. ''Middle Temple Lawyers and the American Revolution.'' Thompson-West, 2007. p. 41.〕 Later in 1762, William married "respectably",〔 to Elizabeth Downes in London, the daughter of a wealthy Barbados planter.〔Schiff p. 377〕 After passing the bar, he returned to North America, but he continued to pay for the upkeep and later education of Temple.〔 In 1763, with the aide of his father Benjamin Franklin, William Franklin was appointed as the last colonial governor of New Jersey and went to North America. He left Temple in foster care. William's position as a Loyalist later put him at odds with his father, and they broke permanently over it. William Franklin was imprisoned during the Revolution and afterward forced into exile in Britain. Benjamin Franklin learned of his grandson Temple (his only grandson through the male line) while on an extended mission in London, when the boy was about four. He became fond of the young boy, but at first did not tell him of his full identity.〔 He eventually took over custody, returning with the youth to the United States in 1775, and acknowledging their blood relation. A widower by then, Franklin raised the boy in his household.〔("Editor Claude-Anne Lopez describes her 'life with Benjamin Franklin'" ), ''Yale Bulletin and Calendar,'' Vol. 28, No. 34, 23 June 2000, accessed 4 November 2012〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Temple Franklin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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